22/05/2023
Washing process
1. General washing means ordinary washing. It's just that the washing we are familiar with is changed to mechanization. The water temperature is about 60°-90°C, add a certain amount of detergent, and after about 15 minutes of ordinary washing, add softener to the clear water to make the fabric softer. Softer, more comfortable, visually more natural and cleaner. Generally, according to the length of washing time and the amount of chemicals used, general washing can be divided into light general washing, general washing and heavy general washing. Usually, it takes about 5 minutes for light general washing, about 15 minutes for general washing, and about 30 minutes for heavy general washing (this time is not precise). There is no obvious boundary between these three washing methods.
2. Stone washing/stone grinding (STONE WASH) Stone washing is to add a certain size of pumice in the washing water to polish the pumice and clothes. Contact with clothing. General washing or rinsing can be carried out before stone grinding, and rinsing can also be carried out after stone grinding. According to the different requirements of customers, yellowstone, white stone, AAA stone, artificial stone, rubber ball, etc. can be used for washing to achieve different washing effects. After washing, the cloth surface will appear gray and old, and the clothes will be slightly to severely damaged. .
3. Enzyme washing (ENZYME WASH) Enzyme is a kind of cellulase, which can degrade the fiber structure at a certain pH value and temperature, so that the cloth surface can fade gently and hair (produce "peach skin" effect) and get a long-lasting softening effect. Stones can be used together or instead of stones. If used together with stones, it is usually called Enzyme Stone Wash (ENZYME STONE WASH). The former is to spray each potassium permanganate solution onto the clothing according to the design requirements with a spray gun, and a chemical reaction occurs to make the cloth fade. Use concentration and injection volume to control the degree of fading. Sandblasting is also called sandblasting. Use special equipment (figuratively speaking, it is a large electric toothbrush, but it is a roller type) to polish on the cloth. Usually there is an inflatable model to go with it. In terms of effect, the former fades evenly, both the surface layer and the inner layer fade, and can achieve a strong fading effect. The latter has fading only on the surface, where physical damage to the fibers can be seen.
4. Sand washing (SAND WASH) Sand washing uses more alkaline and oxidizing additives to make the clothes have a certain fading effect and old feeling after washing. If it is equipped with a stone mill, a soft frosty white layer will appear on the surface of the cloth after washing. Plush, adding some softener can make the fabric soft and soft after washing, thus improving the comfort of wearing.
5. Chemical washing (CHEMICAL WASH) Chemical washing mainly achieves the purpose of fading by using strong alkali additives (NaOH, NaSiO3, etc.). Plumping effect. If stones are added to chemical washing, it is called CHEMICAL STONE WASH, which can enhance the effect of fading and wear, so that the clothes have a strong sense of oldness. The effects of chemical washing and stone washing are combined in one. A distressed and fluffed effect can be achieved after washing.
6. Rinsing (BLEACH WASH) In order to make the clothes have a white or bright appearance and soft feel, the clothes need to be rinsed, that is, after ordinary washing with clean water, heat to 60°C, and add an appropriate amount according to the depth of the bleached color. Bleach agent (bleaching agent), 7-10 minutes to make the color consistent with the board. During operation, the direction of the bleaching agent should be consistent with the turning direction of the rotary cylinder, so as to prevent the bleaching agent from directly falling on the clothes because it cannot be diluted with water as soon as possible, resulting in partial bleaching. Before bleaching, the water level in the tank should be slightly higher so that the bleaching water can be diluted. After the clothes are bleached, use large (small) soda (Na2CO3, NaHCO3) to neutralize the residual bleach in the water to completely stop the bleaching. After clear water, add detergent, fluorescent whitening agent, hydrogen peroxide, etc. to the water temperature of 50°C for final washing, neutralize the pH value, fluorescent whitening, etc., and finally soften it. Rinsing can be divided into oxygen bleaching and chlorine bleaching. Oxygen bleaching is to use the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at a certain pH value and temperature to destroy the dye structure, so as to achieve the purpose of fading and whitening. Generally, the surface of the bleached cloth will be slightly red. Chlorine bleaching uses the oxidation of sodium hypochlorite to destroy the dye structure, thereby achieving the purpose of fading. The fading effect of chlorine bleaching is rough, and it is mostly used for rinsing indigo denim. After bleaching the board, sea waves should be used to neutralize the residual chlorine in the water and clothes to stop the bleaching, and then stone grinding after bleaching is called BLEACH STONE.
7. DESTROY WASH: After the finished garments are polished with pumice and treated with additives, some parts (bones, collar angles, etc.) will be damaged to a certain extent, and the clothes will have a more obvious dilapidated effect after washing.
8. Snow washing Soak the dried pumice with potassium permanganate solution, and then directly polish it with the clothes in a special rotary cylinder, and polish it on the clothes through the pumice, so that the potassium permanganate will oxidize the friction points, so that the cloth surface is not Regular fading to form white spots resembling snowflakes.
The general process of snowflake washing is as follows: Soak the pumice stone with potassium permanganate——Dry grinding of the pumice stone and the clothes——Snowflake effect on the board——Take out the clothes and wash off the stone dust on the clothes with clean water in the washing tank——Oxalic acid neutralization ——Wash——Apply softener.
9. MOUSTACHE EFFECT is WHISKER, but WHISKER is more professional. Cat whiskers are a kind of hand sand (hand brush, HAND BRUSH), it is just ground into the shape of cat whiskers.
10. Sand blasting is also called sand blasting (SPRAY STONE WASH / SAND BLAST) is to use special equipment (image point of view is a large electric toothbrush, but it is a roller type) to polish on the cloth, usually with an inflatable model .
11. The essential difference between spraying monkeys (MONKEY WASH) and sandblasting is that the former is a chemical action, while the latter is a physical action. Spraying monkeys is to use a spray gun to spray potassium permanganate solution on clothing according to the design requirements, and a chemical reaction will cause the fabric to fade. The degree of fading is controlled by the concentration and injection amount of potassium permanganate. In terms of effect, the sprayed monkey fades evenly, both the surface layer and the inner layer fade, and can achieve a strong fading effect. Sandblasting only fades on the surface, and physical damage to the fibers can be seen.
12. Pigment wash/pigment dyed wash is also called "one-sided coating/pigment dyeing", which means that this washing method is specially designed for clothing dyed with paint, and its function is to consolidate the original Bright color and increased softness to the touch.
