Knights Hoodies EU, 73 UPPER PAYA LEBAR Road #06-01C CENTRO BIANCO, Singapore (2026)

19/02/2021

🏰Top Templar Sites in Western Europe🏰

🚩Aragón
Aragón was a key Western province for the Templars and the birthplace of several of Grand Masters. It was also a live crusading theatre in the so-called Reconquista, in which Christian kings battled against Islamic emirs known as Moors, who occupied southern Spain. From the 1130s onward, the Templars garrisoned numerous large fortresses, including Monzón and Miravet, and threw themselves into this struggle. As Templar influence grew, they served as diplomats and mediators between Aragon’s rulers and the Church, and as tutors to the royal family.

🚩Arville
Located in the Loir-et-Cher region of France, this extensive and well-preserved Templar complex became a key training and recruiting center, producing knights who would join the Crusader armies in the Holy Land. It also played a significant role in the region’s agricultural industry and served as an important religious center. It was ceded to the Hospitallers following the Templar’s fall.

🚩La Rochelle
One of the key Templar ports on the Atlantic coast, La Rochelle was the site of a persistent Templar legend, in which nearly a dozen ships carrying Templar treasures—and knights—fled from the port just before France’s King Philip IV announced charges against the order in October 1307.

🚩Paris Temple
Built around the time of the Second Crusade, the Paris Temple contained a four-turreted tower keep, a church and several administrative buildings, including its treasury, which became the focal point of the Templar’s far-flung banking activities. It was here that Jacques de Molay and other leaders were arrested on October 13, 1307.

🚩Tomar
Ceded to the Knights Templar in 1159, following victory over the Moors, Tomar became the order’s Portuguese headquarters. They devised a planned city (the last Templar city to be commissioned) and constructed several significant buildings, including a castle and convent complex that allowed them to expand Portugal’s border into Moorish territory. The convent, still standing today, features a rotunda inspired by Jerusalem’s Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

🚩New Temple (Temple Church)
One of the most significant Templar sites in western Europe, London’s New Temple served as the order’s headquarters in England. Its consecration in 1185 was attended by both King Henry II and Heraclius, the Patriarch of Jerusalem. A monument outside the Church honors one of the most important Templar symbols—two knights astride on the same horse, as seen on their medieval seal.

07/02/2021

Top 10 Viking stories (Ⅲ)

8) Volund the Smith
This heroic legend, illustrated on Viking Age carvings from England and Sweden, is part fairy tale, part horror story.

Volund is a princely goldsmith who fashions exquisite rings. In the romantic yet melancholy opening, he falls in love with a spirited valkyrie, who comes to him in the form of a swan maiden. However, after a brief marriage she abandons him and returns to work on the battlefields, gathering up slain warriors to be honoured by Odin.

As he grieves over his loss, Volund is abducted by an enemy king who imprisons him in an island smithy for refusing to marry his daughter. The hero’s revenge is to murder the girl’s brothers and fashion their body parts into grisly jewellery, which he presents to his unwitting captors. In a final twist, he forges himself some golden wings and flies away to resume the search for his lost wife.

The popularity of this tale clearly extended even beyond the Viking world, for Volund is also mentioned in Anglo-Saxon poems, including Beowulf.

9) Grettir the outlaw
This cycle of folk tales, apparently based on the exploits of a real 11th-century Viking troublemaker, were collected together in the 14th-century Grettir’s Saga.

Grettir ‘the strong’ is powerfully built, constantly takes offence, relishes violence, and has a talent for composing acerbic poetry. He is outlawed several times, which means losing all his property, being banished abroad and condemned to be killed by anyone with impunity.

His larger-than-life adventures include single-handedly killing monsters, trolls, ghosts, a bear and a whole troop of berserkers, only to be vanquished in the end by an elderly sorceress whose spells bring about a humiliating death.

10) Ragnarok
Like other world religions, Viking paganism included an apocalyptic vision predicting that the existing world will be destroyed by cosmic forces and characters, and will then be reborn into a new, more perfect age.

This scenario is most vividly brought to life in a 10th to 11th-century poem called Voluspa (‘The Prophesy of the Seeress’), possibly developed from a series of dreams experienced by a real-life wise woman.

As horror overwhelms the world, causing it to freeze and wither, gods, monsters and giants engage in cosmic battle until even Odin and the sun itself are vanquished. However, the poem ends with the optimistic promise of a new world rising from the ruins of the old – a powerful and haunting tale.

04/02/2021

Top 10 Viking stories (Ⅱ)

4) An explosive love triangle: Gudrun, Kjartan and Bolli

This tragic love story forms the central thread of the 13th-century Laxdaela Saga, probably based on real 10th and 11th-century people and events.

The beautiful and capable Gudrun – twice married, divorced and widowed at an early age – falls in love with the charismatic Kjartan. However, his father believes Gudrun to be very unlucky, so he tries to extricate Kjartan from the relationship by sending him on a trading expedition to Norway.

There he is held hostage by the king, and during his prolonged absence, Kjartan’s cousin and foster-brother, Bolli, persuades the reluctant Gudrun to marry him instead. Kjartan returns shortly afterwards, and Gudrun realises she has made a terrible mistake. Her regret sparks off a series of inflammatory events, which culminate in Bolli slaughtering his beloved foster-brother – who dies in his arms – and then being killed himself in revenge.

Intriguingly, the saga reveals elements of Viking Age culture that are mirrored in the modern world – for example, pre-nuptial agreements, freely available divorce, forced religious conversion and youths going on ‘gap year’-style travels abroad.

5) The Norse discovery of America

Two medieval manuscripts, Graenlendinga Saga and Eirik’s Saga, claim that in the early 11th century, 500 years before Columbus, Viking men and women reached North America. They describe how an unknown country was initially sighted by a ship blown off-course in bad weather, and shortly afterwards, by a series of expeditions that set out from the Viking colony in Greenland in order to explore it.

Following the strange coast southward, the explorers came to a rich and fertile land full of game and timber. They also found wild grapes growing in profusion, so they called it Vinland (Wineland). One group attempted to settle there, including a woman who gave birth to the first European child born on American soil, but they beat a hasty retreat after an altercation with the local Native American people whom they disparagingly called Skraelings.

For many centuries, these accounts were regarded with great scepticism. However, during the 1960s a Norwegian husband-and-wife team of explorer-archaeologists followed the descriptions and sailing directions given in the two sagas. Eventually, they found themselves at L’Anse aux Meadows in northern Newfoundland, Canada. There they excavated eight 11th-century Viking-style houses, a forge and four workshops – offering exciting and conclusive proof that the so-called ‘Vinland sagas’ really were true.

6) The burning of Njal

The sagas reveal that surprisingly complex laws and legal procedures played an important role in the Viking lands. These form the background to another supposedly true story of the late 10th century, recorded in the medieval Njal’s Saga.

Njal is an Icelandic lawyer, renowned throughout the country for skilfully contriving peaceful monetary settlements to end some of the long blood feuds that blighted all Viking societies. Despite this, he is unable to prevent his wife, best friend and finally his sons from being caught up in vendettas of their own.

Eventually he too is drawn in, and finds himself burned alive in his own house – a common act of revenge at the time. It’s a long and chilling cautionary tale full of twists and turns. Like Laxdaela Saga, it also offers plausible information on the Norse conversion to Christianity.

7) Amleth

If the name looks like an anagram of something rather familiar, you’re not mistaken – this is one of the main sources that Shakespeare used for Hamlet. It’s a legend from Viking Denmark, based on a cast of royal characters who lived several hundred years earlier.

Just as in Shakespeare’s play, Amleth’s uncle kills his father and marries his mother; Amleth feigns madness as a way of coping with his terrible predicament, and he is sent to England by his wicked uncle in a thwarted attempt to have him murdered.

The Viking version doesn’t include any love interest, and the plot is less complex than Shakespeare’s. However, there are comical scenes featuring humorous word-play, which possibly inspired the great playwright.

01/02/2021

Top 10 Viking stories (Ⅰ)

The Viking Age – the period of great Scandinavian expansion from the late 8th to the late 11th century – is normally associated with violent raids and warfare. But in fact, Viking people were highly civilised, and greatly valued the arts – especially storytelling.

1) The curse of Andvari’s ring
This lively epic inspired Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings. It is really two separate legends, linked by a supernatural ring that brings brutal tragedy to all who wear it. Its colourful cast includes heroic warriors and callous villains: three gods, a dwarf, a valkyrie, a dragon, a witch-queen, the infamous tyrant Atli (Attila) the Hun, and another queen who single-handedly destroys him.

With multiple gruesome murders (most notably by being suspended over a pit full of poisonous snakes), dramatic suicides, deceits and broken hearts, the plot more than purges the emotions, and it’s richly embroidered with enchanted fire, treasure hoards and birds that possess the power of human speech.

Undoubtedly one of the Vikings’ favourite stories, the legend is recounted in many ancient written sources, and scenes from it are depicted on a number of surviving Viking Age carvings in England, the Isle of Man, Norway and Sweden.

2) The theft of Thor’s hammer
Viking pagan mythology is dominated by eternal conflict between the gods and their archenemies, the giants. Among the gods, the role of ‘chief giant-basher’ belonged to mighty Thor. As defender of both the divine and human realms, he had a penchant for smashing in the skulls of giants with his magic hammer, Mjollnir. This short, humorous tale is a fine example.

Mjollnir is stolen by one of the giants, who refuses to return it unless the beautiful goddess Freyja agrees to marry him. Thor gallantly disguises himself as the requested bride – a truly courageous act in a society where cross-dressing was considered an outrage against virility – travels to Giantland, and pretends to take part in the wedding. As soon as the hammer is delivered, in accordance with the bargain, Thor seizes it and destroys the giant in a single blow.

Thor’s popularity in Viking times is demonstrated by the many pagan temples that were dedicated to him; the large number of miniature ‘Thor’s Hammer’ pendants ex-cavated, and the prevalence of personal names in the Sagas that include the component ‘thor’ – for example, ‘Thorunn’ for women, and ‘Thorstein’ for men.

3) Odin wins the runes
During the pagan era, Odin was respected as the mysterious and omniscient god of war, wisdom, death and fate. Sacrifices were often made to him, particularly in times of conflict. He was also feared, particularly because he sometimes travelled through the human world in disguise, meddling in people’s affairs or changing the course of battles.

This brief and exquisitely mystical story links Odin to the Vikings’ only form of writing during the pagan era – by carving rune-letters into wood, stone, metal or bone. The myth appears in 25 cryptic verses of a poem called Havamal (‘The Sayings of the High One’), possibly dating back to the ninth century.

Usually claimed to be in Odin’s own words, it describes him sacrificing “himself to himself” by hanging upside-down on a lonely tree for nine nights. Finally, he has a vision of the runes, alongside the secrets of many esoteric spells.

Most surviving Viking stories are very down to earth, but this one demonstrates that the old pagan religion had a highly mystical and spiritual side.

29/01/2021

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28/01/2021

How did the Vikings fight?

Viking warriors fought using long swords and axes. A good sword was handed down from father to son, but Vikings also buried weapons with their owner when he died.

Vikings did not wear much armour. Some chieftains wore chain mail coats, but most relied on a round wooden shield for protection.

Some Viking warriors went into battle wearing wolf or bear skins. These warriors were called ‘berserkers’ because they went ‘berserk’ (out of control) and charged fearlessly into battle. Berserkers believed that Odin, the god of war, gave them superhuman powers and that they didn't need to wear battle armour for protection.

The suits of Viking warriors contain the below parts:

🔱Helmet
A Viking helmet was made of leather or iron and worn by a warrior to protect his head.
Some helmets had an extra strip of iron used as a nose protector. Others had cheek flaps which could be tied under the chin and were often lined with animal fur.

🔱Chain mail
Important Vikings, like chiefs, would wear armour made from chain mail when they went into battle.
These chain mail coats were made from interlocking metal rings and they were very heavy!
🔱Axe

An axe was a common weapon for warriors in battle.
Some axes were decorated to show that the owner was important.
A leather belt and bag were worn to keep the axe in place.

🔱Shield
Vikings made round shields from wooden planks that had been riveted together with iron.
The shields offered protection in battles and were also attached to the sides of longships when at sea.

🔱Sword
A Viking warrior would use a double-edged metal sword.
The sword would have a leather grip at the end to stop it from slipping out of the warrior's hand when fighting.

🔱Trousers
A well-prepared Viking would wear a pair of trousers to keep his legs warm.
Together with an under-tunic, they would offer more protection from the harsh cold when at sea.
Vikings made vegetable dyes from plants to colour their clothes: blue came from woad, red from madder and yellow from weld.

🔱Shoes
Viking shoes were made from leather.
Some had hobnails in the soles to make them last longer and they had laces to keep them strapped on.

(via. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bit.../topics/ztyr9j6/articles/zy9j2hv)

28/01/2021

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26/01/2021

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21/01/2021

What Does "VALKNUT" Mean & Where Is It From?

Valk means, ‘slain warrior,’ and knut means, ‘knot.’ The name is a modern invention, but the symbol itself is ancient. The name comes from the belief that the Valknut denotes the death of a great warrior in battle. We don’t have any concrete evidence that that’s what this symbol was used for. But we have some pretty good guesses stemming from archaeological discoveries around where these symbols have been found.

Where is the valknut from?

First of all, the valknut is often found on cremation urns accompanied by wolves and ravens, all of which point to them being the graves of warriors. This also usually draws a connection to Odin, who famously had two raven servants, Huginn and Muninn. But Odin also is famously connected to cremation, as well as the frenzy of battle. We’ll come back to that in a moment.

Second, in the Skáldskaparmál book of the Prose Edda, the frost giant Hrungnir is killed by Thor. Hrungnir was a great warrior who had fought with Odin over whose horse was fastest, then raged and started fu***ng s**t up when he lost. The other gods weren’t cool with this grievous jackassery, so Thor put Hrungnir down with the help of Mjolnir. But after Hrungnir died, it was discovered that his heart was made of stone and was a peculiar shape:
“Hrungner had, as is well known, a heart of stone, sharp and three-sided; just as the rune has since been risted that is called Hrungner’s heart.”

So Hrungnir, a great warrior who died in an angry battle frenzy, had a heart made of stone that looks just like a valknut. The Norse would still respect just a death, for it was powerful (and metal as balls), so it would make sense to give this symbol to others who died in a barbaric rage.

And finally, the valknut can be drawn in a single, continuous pen movement, much like a pentagram or the Saint John’s Arms. This type of symbol is called unicursaland many cultures the world over have used unicursal symbols as signs of protection.

19/01/2021

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15/01/2021

🏵A medieval Teutonic Knight was a member of the Catholic military Deutscher Orden or Teutonic Order, officially founded in March 1198 CE. The first mission of the Teutonic knights was to help retake Jerusalem from the Arabs in the Third Crusade (1187-1192 CE), and during this failed attempt they set up a hospital outside Acre during the siege of that city. The hospital was granted the status of an independent military order by the Pope, and the knights never looked back. The Middle East proved to be too difficult to hold onto, but the ambitious order merely switched their focus to converting Christians and grabbing land in central and eastern Europe instead. With their famous black cross on a white tunic, the austere Teutonic knights became master traders and diplomats, carving out vast swathes of territory from their base in Prussia and building castles across Europe from Sicily to Lithuania.

The order was, above all, famous for its well-trained and well-armed knights, as well as their stout stone fortresses. Teutonic knights wore black crosses on a white background or with a white border. These crosses could appear on shields, white surcoats (from 1244 CE), helmets, and pennants. Half-brethren wore grey instead of the full white reserved for knights.

The Teutonic knights had to follow a good many strict rules, more than in other military orders. Beards were permitted but not long hair and any ostentatious clothing or equipment were frowned upon. Knights were not allowed money or personal property, even their limited clothing could not be kept in a locked chest. Unlike other orders, prior to the 15th century CE, the Teutonic knights did not go in for personal seals and burial monuments. Personal coats of arms were forbidden. Another no-no was any excessive entertainment (one might argue of any sort at all, excessive or otherwise). Knights could not joust in medieval tournaments, not mix socially with other types of knights, and they could not engage in most types of hunting. Tedium could be kept at bay by the one hobby that was allowed: woodcarving.

12/01/2021

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